Kajukenbo History

KAJUKENBO the first true American art was developed in Honolulu, HI between the years of 1947-1949,what was at the time a territory of the United States of America. Five men came together to help develop a more up to date street lethal style. Most of these men already had cross-trained in other arts like Judo, Jiu-jitsu, Boxing, and Karate which made it easy to come together without any egos getting in the way. They realized that the striking arts of American boxing, Kenpo, and Karate were great while they were standing but when a Judo/Jiu-jitsu man would get a hold of them they did not know what to do if caught in painful holds and chokes both standing and on the ground, while the traditional Judo/Jiu-jitsu guys had a problem with strikers that could punch and kick in quick combinations, moving and keeping them at a distance. In addition, gone were the Katana sword welding warrior, men with spears, and the archer riding horseback and in their place was the street thug who could be carrying a knife, club, gun or even another friend or two. With that, they came together with the intention to modernize a new art. Being so serious as to go on welfare for two years and train almost every day in different abandoned warehouses secretly.

Peter Choo- Who was of Korean decent, was a Welterweight boxing champion, with training in both Karate and Jiu-jitsu. Some of his instructors during this time were Sensei Sam Luke of Judo, Master Thomas Young in Kenpo-Karate, and Prof. Okazaki of Jujitsu. Prof. Choo received the 1937 Joe Lynch Boxing award. He is the representative of both the KA and the BO part of KAJUKENBO. Prof. Choo is also claimed to have been a black belt in Tang So Do.

Tang So Do is the equivalent of Japanese Shotokan Karate. Japan upheld Korea from 1912-1945 abolishing all Korean martial arts. Tang So Do was not invented till 1945. Furthermore, the Japanese let the Koreans train in their martial arts like Karate, Judo, and Juijitsu. After 1945 the Koreans wanted to gain their identity back as Koreans, Judo became Yudo, Aki-Juijitsu became Hapkido and Shotokan Karate became Tang So Do, all with a Korean flavor.

Prof. Choo was raised in Honolulu, Hawaii so it is yet to be seen if he in fact was a Tang So Do black belt at the time of these men collaboration or instead a Black Belt in Okinawan Karate (Okinawan Te) that was prevalent in Hawaii during this time. 1950 is when the Korean War broke out and Prof. Peter Choo was sent to Korea. While there, he stated he learned the Korean arts and later returned to Hawaii in 1957. He traveled the world while in the service and trained in those countries native arts like Tae Kwon do from Prof. J. Rhee and Aikido from Sensei Koichi Tohei, a 10 dan in Aikido. Status- unfortunately, Prof. Choo passed away. He will be missed I had the great opportunity to meet with him and talk story a few times.

Joe Holck- Who is of Japanese decent, had background in Dan zan ryu Kodenkan Jujitsu, under Prof. Okazaki and Kodokan Judo under Sensei Inouye a collegiate champion back in 1946, Sensei Sakabe the #3 Judo man in Japan at the time. Also, Holck was fortunate to train under the great Kosen Judo master and #1 Judo man in Japan Sensei Kimura. Kimura is the Judo master that went to Brazil on a challenge match from Helio Gracie (Gracie Jiu-jitsu) and won by Helio's side throwing in the towel, but not till after Kimura broke his arm (the technique was later named the Kimura). The Kosen style is where Brazilian Jiu-jitsu comes from with emphasis on Newaza or ground grappling. Joe Holck was the main influence in the JU part of Kajukenbo. Holck emphasized throws, holds, joint locks, spine locks, and chokes while both standing and on the ground. He was also the one to name the art KAJUKENBO. Prof. Holck joined the service and was transferred to Korea during the Korean War in 1950. Status- Prof. Holck lives in Arizona and still active in the Judo/Jiu-jitsu circle. His son Vincent Holck teaches their brand of Judo/Juijitsu and Kajukenbo with Choo/Holck's method of influence.

Adriano Emperado- Who is of Filipino decent, was the driving force behind the group. He had a background at the time of Judo, Boxing, Escrima stick fighting, and Kenpo Karate from his instructor Prof. William Chow (Kara ho Kenpo). Sijo represented the KEN part of KAJUKENBO. He was already feared as a fierce street fighter and loved the hard contact. In 1950 he received his 5th degree black belt from Prof. Chow and Prof. James Mitose(Kosh-Ryu Kenpo). Sijo felt there was something missing in his training with Prof. Mitose. Mitose taught a lot of Makiwara board training for that one punch kill mentality. Prof. Chow took what he learned from Mitose, made it faster and added the takedowns from his Judo training and put in his ground fighting. Sijo thought, if the attacker does not go down after one punch, then what. He knew that people in the west fought differently then they do in Japan. Boxing was what you were going to see more often on the street with combinations not just one punch attack/ block/ and counter punch. Sijo looked to add were his art fell short. Not to mention putting in more realistic weaponry attack and defenses from the Filipino martial arts that he learned from his stepfather Alexander Peralta, who was trained in a combination of Ilocano, Visayan, and Tagalog martial arts. Mr. Peralta was a famous Civic Auditorium fighter that had won many Escrima fighting matches in Hawaii. This was back when there was no safety gear and real sticks which sometimes resulted in permanent disfigurement or Death. Status-Lives in CA and head of the KAJUKENBO SELF DEFENSE INSTITUTE INC. Founder of Kajukenbo.

Frank Ordenez- of Filipino decent. Between the periods of 1947-1949 was a close friend of the group and was the photographer. He had training in the Dan zan ryu Kodenkan Jujitsu from Prof. Okazaki and Judo from Sensei Sam Luke. He Kept with Sijo after Prof. Choo, and Prof. Holck left to the Korean War in 1950 helping Sijo teach and add to Kajukenbo. Status-lives in Honolulu, HI and active advisor of the KAJUKENBO SELF DEFENSE INSTITUTE.

George Clarance Chang- of Chinese decent between the periods of 1947-1949 was the writer of techniques of KAJUKENBO. His background is believed to be in Si-lum pai Kung fu. He was a close friend of Prof. Ordenez and also left to the Korean War in 1950. Status- Deceased.

Together this group was called the Black Belt Society. They took the best of each art, using Kenpo as the base and combined it making Kajukenbo an all around art for today's streets: KA-Karate, JU-Judo/Jiu-jitsu, KEN-Kenpo, and BO- American Boxing. In 1950 Prof. Choo, Holck and George Chang left to the Korean War leaving Sijo Emperado behind to continue to grow and add to the art including the 14 Palama sets which he changed from Pinan in 1993, for he learned just one form while under Prof. Mitose, the Naihanchi. He opened his school in Palama settlement, HI, joined first by Woodrow Mccandles, Joe Emperado, Frank Ordanez, and Marino Tiwanak. Testing and evolving Kajukenbo, adding the forms and other techniques from such systems as the Hawaiian LUA from Prof. Abe Kamohoahoa and Prof. Woodrow Mccandles, Filipino martial arts, and Chinese Kung Fu (Chinese Boxing). The most major change happened in 1959, when Sijo wanted to add a soft style to the art. Sijo learned Chinese Gung Fu, from Prof. Wong, and Prof. Lau. It was from these Professors and the Chinese physical society that gave Sijo the tittle of Professor and the rank of 10 degree. Then in 1962-63 Sijo, Prof. Al Dela Cruz, and Prof. Dacascos put together a working base that was first to be called Tum-Pai, which in Sijo's own words meant, "Central Way." From 1965-67 Prof. Al Dacascos lived in Northern California and continued his Gung Fu training with the San Jose Chinese Cultural Society learning the northern and southern styles of Gung Fu. In 1967 after collaborating with Sijo, and Prof. Dela Cruz, the name Tum-Pai was dropped and the name Chuan Fa (Chinese Fist way) was added to better describe the new art. Thus making BO- now stand for both American as well as Chinese boxing. The term Tum-Pai was later picked up by Jon Loren in 1984 with the permission of Sijo to be added to Kajukenbo.

When the term Kajukenbo was first used universally I am not sure; nevertheless, one would have to check back with senior instructors to see when it was first printed on their certificates, as some of the first Kajukenbo black belts like Prof. Marino Tiwanak's certificate read Kenpo-Karate. However, the name KAJUKENBO SELF-DEFENSE INSTITUTE, INC was patented under the State of Hawaii on 14December, 1960 # 9826 with the help of Twinkle Kawakami. From that moment on, there was no doubt Kajukenbo was legitimate and later to be world-renowned.

Sijo's training in the Islands were legendary and brutal, giving Kajukenbo the reputation of a no nonsense fighting system where the training frequently included broken teeth, broken bones, and knockouts. With Sijo's passion for the arts and realistic self-defense he allowed his students and instructors to expand there knowledge in other arts "use what works for you, add it to your flavor of Kajukenbo, and throw out what doesn't" and still belong under the Kajukenbo banner. Yet, always keep Sijo's roots (Kajukenbo basics). This ingenious thinking back then has allowed Kajukenbo to evolve with the times and not become a dated martial art. Giving way to 4 distinct Kajukenbo branches, Kajukenbo "Emperado method" original, Tum pai, Chuan fa, and Won hop kuen do (Dacascos method).

Slowly Kajukenbo spread, first around Hawaii, and then in 1957 a Kajukenbo black belt named John Leoning spread Kajukenbo to California to be followed later by notable instructors Charles Gaylord, Al Reyes, Tony Ramos, Joe Halbuna, Al Gene Carelia, Carlos Bunda and Al Dacascos. Today Kajukenbo can be found all over the United States, Puerto Rico, Europe, South America, Africa, Middle East and Mexico. Every year the KAJUKENBO SELF-DEFENSE INSTITUE, INC puts on a gathering to gather all the Kajukenbo ohana and celebrate Sijo's birthday. At these events, they usually start with a seminar where you can find all different arts being taught like Muay thai, Kali, Brazilian Juijitsu, Kenpo, Hawaiian Lua, Chinese Kung fu, Russian Sambo etc. Giving the Kajukenbo practitioner other tools to put in there tool box and make them well rounded martial artist that can handle themselves standing, on the ground, and with or without a weapon.

Finally, Kajukenbo has stood the test of time, making it a no nonsense martial science. Martial meaning of related to or suited for war or warrior like, science- meaning the discovery of truth. Combined to mean the truth of realistic combat and self-defense. Giving the practitioner many elements to end a confrontation and giving truth to the meaning of Kajukenbo in Chinese characters,
KA-long life, JU- happiness, KEN- fist, BO-style, "Through this fist style, one gains long life and happiness."

2006 Update- The current UFC Light Heavyweight Champion Chuck Liddell directly comes from Kajukenbo. He is under John Hackleman, whose school is called Hawaiian Kenpo. GM John Hackleman is a black belt under deceased black belt GM Walter Godin who was a student under Sijo Emperado. Kajukenbo can be said to have been the original mixed martial art which is so popular today. In addition, Liddell's training can be compared to the original training of the founders ("alive"), with no nonsense striking of boxing, kickboxing and kenpo plus the grappling arts of wrestling and jiu-jitsu (Brazilian) with little to no forms training.

(Disclaimer: Through my own research and help of many Kajukenbo practitioners and leaders this is my history of Kajukenbo. It is by no means 100% but what I believe closer to the truth of the development of this art. I have been an active practitioner of Kajukenbo from 1991 to 2003. Today I am inactive in Kajukenbo, but continue training in boxing, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, wrestling and Kali.)

Honestly, every time you post this, I never get past the first sentence:

"KAJUKENBO the first true American art"

Simply not true: it's neither a wholly original art nor the first art to be synthesized in the US. 

Jason

Glad to hear you opened this thread every single time. If you have anything to offer besides your statement I would be glad to hear it. I believe it was one of America's first MMA. You can add boxing and catch wrestling if you want; however, they never really mixed it up like this as far as I know. Nevertheless, if you have something other than that, I would be glad to learn.

Well, let's start with this: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_true_scotsman_fallacy

LOL. Great link Jason, you crack me up.

"You can add boxing and catch wrestling if you want"

No you can't, boxing and catch wrestling are both English.

sigh.

Trying to pin a nationality on any art is usually difficult and pretty pointless anyway.

If an art is created in Australia, by a man of Filipino extraction, who has lived here for most of his life and is a former state fencing champ in addition to having an instructor rank in Kalis Ilustrisimo, is the Art:

Filipino due to the K.I. influence?
French, due to the the fencing influence?
Australian because it was created and refined here?
Filipino because its creator was born in the Phillipines?

(I am referring to Floro Fighting Systems btw)

Who knows? What's more, as long as sources are respectfully acknowledged in the art's creation, who the hell cares?
Stu.

Nope, it's referring to Bo Jackson. Bo knows Kajukenbo.